Microbiology of Aerosols

פרטים

An introduction to the microbiology of bioaerosols and their impact on the world in which we live The microbiology of aerosols is an emerging field of research that lies at the interface of a variety of scientific and health-related disciplines. This eye-opening book synthesizes the current knowledge about microorganisms--bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses--that are aloft in the atmosphere. The book is written collaboratively by an interdisciplinary and international panel of experts and carefully edited to provide a high-level overview of the emerging field of aerobiology. Four sections within Microbiology of Aerosols present the classical and online methods used for sampling and characterizing airborne microorganisms, their emission sources and short- to long-distance dispersal, their influence on atmospheric processes and clouds, and their consequences for human health and agro-ecosystems. Practical considerations are also discussed, including sampling techniques, an overview of the quantification and characterization of bioaerosols, transport of bioaerosols, and a summary of ongoing research opportunities in the field. Comprehensive in scope, the book: Explores this new field that is applicable to many disparate disciplines Covers the emission of bioaerosols to their deposit, covering both quantitative and qualitative aspects Provides insights into social and environmental effects of the presence of bioaerosols in the atmosphere Details the impact of bioaerosols on human health, animal and plant health, and on physical and chemical atmospheric processes Written by authors internationally recognized for their work on biological aerosols and originating from a variety of scientific fields collaborated on, Microbiology of Aerosols is an excellent resource for researchers and graduate or PhD students interested in atmospheric sciences or microbiology.

מידע נוסף

מידע נוסף
עמודים / Pages	320
פורמט	Hardback
ISBN10	1119132282
יצא לאור ב	Hoboken
תאריך יציאה לאור	3 בנוב׳ 2017
תוכן עניינים	List of authors Preface SECTION 1: Bioaerosols, sampling and characterization Chapter 1.1: Main biological aerosols, specificities, abundance and diversity 1.1.1. Introduction 1.1.2. Pollen 1.1.3. Fungi 1.1.4. Bacteria 1.1.5. Archaea 1.1.6. Viruses Chapter 1.2: Sampling techniques 1.2.1 Introduction 1.2.2 Passive and surface sampling 1.2.3 Filtration 1.2.4 Inertia based samplers: sedimentation samplers, impactors, cyclones 1.2.5 Impingement 1.2.6 Electrostatic sampling Chapter 1.3: Quantification and Characterization of bioaerosols (offline techniques) 1.3.1 Cultures and metabolic/phenotypic characterization of microbial isolates 1.3.2 Microscopy and flow cytometry 1.3.3 Nucleic acid based methods 1.3.4 Chemical and biological tracers 1.3.5 Biological activity based methods Chapter 1.4: Online techniques for quantification and characterization of biological aerosol 1.4.1 Introduction 1.4.2 Single-particle fluorescence spectroscopy 1.4.3 Bioaerosol mass spectrometry 1.4.4 Other real-time bioaerosol detection techniques 1.4.5 Acknowledgements SECTION 2: Sources and transport of microbial aerosols Chapter 2.1: Bioaerosol sources 2.1.1 Introducing bioaerosol sources 2.1.2 Emission mechanisms 2.1.3 Measuring emission fluxes 2.1.4 Impact of aerosol sources on the concentration and diversity of airborne microbial communities in the near-surface atmosphere 2.1.5 Identifying predictors of bioaerosol emission and airborne community composition 2.1.6 Conclusions Chapter 2.2: Short-scale transport of bioaerosols 2.2.1 Introduction 2.2.2. Particle dynamics and deposition processes 2.2.3. Transport processes and dispersal scales 2.2.4. Survival of microorganisms during transport 2.2.5. Modelling tools for the transport of microbial aerosols 2.2.6. Dispersal patterns 2.2.7. Conclusions Chapter 2.3: Global scale atmospheric dispersion of microorganisms 2.3.1 Historical Context 2.3.2 Mechanisms of Dispersion 2.3.3 Microorganisms Associated with Long-Range Dispersion 2.3.4 Residence Time, Transport History and Emission Models 2.3.5 Implications for Planetary Exploration 2.3.6 Acknowledgments SECTION 3: Impacts of microbial aerosols on atmospheric processes Chapter 3.1: Impacts of bioaerosols on atmospheric ice nucleation processes 3.1.1. Introduction 3.1.2. Measurements of ice-nucleating particles 3.1.3. Findings from laboratory experiments, field collections and field studies 3.1.4. Atmospheric implications 3.1.5. Conclusions and future needs Chapter 3.2: Impacts on cloud chemistry 3.2.1 Introduction 3.2.2 Chemical composition of clouds 3.2.3 Clouds as oxidative reactors 3.2.4 Clouds as spaces of biodegradation 3.2.5 Interactions with cloud oxidants 3.2.6 Clouds as spaces of organic compound functionalization 3.2.7 Conclusions 3.2.8 Take-home messages SECTION 4: Impacts of bioaerosols on human health and environment Chapter 4.1: Health impacts of bioaerosol exposure 4.1.1 Introduction 4.1.2 Hazardous potential of bioaerosols 4.1.3 Infectious diseases associated with bioaerosols 4.1.4 Toxic and hypersensitivity diseases associated bioaerosols 4.1.5 Biological agents used for bioterrorism 4.1.6 Conclusion Chapter 4.2: Impacts of microbial aerosols on natural and agro-ecosystems: immigration, invasions and their consequences 4.2.1 Introduction 4.2.2 Colonization of virgin and extreme habitats 4.2.3 Invasion of Agriculture 4.2.4 Opportunities for Research Index