Preface ix
Acknowledgments xi
1. Synopsis of Adult Cardiac Surgical Disease 1
2. Diagnostic Techniques in Cardiac Surgery 121
3. General Preoperative Considerations and Preparation of the Patient for Surgery 173
4. Cardiac Anesthesia 217
5. Cardiopulmonary Bypass 283
6. Myocardial Protection 323
7. Admission to the ICU and Monitoring Techniques 341
8. Early Postoperative Care 363
9. Mediastinal Bleeding 417
10. Respiratory Management 457
11. Cardiovascular Management 513
12. Fluid Management, Renal, Metabolic, and Endocrine Problems 673
13. Post-ICU Care and Other Complications 737
Appendices 843
Appendix 1A American College of Cardiology Classes of Recommendation and Levels of Evidence 845
Appendix 1B New York Heart Association Functional Classification 845
Appendix 1C The Canadian Cardiovascular Society Classification for Grading of Angina 846
Appendix 1D Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) Profiles of Advanced Heart Failure 847
Appendix 2 Typical Preoperative Order Sheet 848
Appendix 3 Cardiac Surgery Preoperative Assessment Checklist 850
Appendix 4 Typical Orders for Admission to the ICU 851
Appendix 5 Typical Transfer Orders from the ICU 854
Appendix 6 Hyperglycemia Protocol for Cardiac Surgery Patients 857
Appendix 7 Heparinization Protocol for Cardiac Surgery Patients 859
Appendix 8 Protocol for Initiating Warfarin 860
Appendix 9 INR Reversal Protocol 861
Appendix 10A The CHA2DS2-VASc Score 862
Appendix 10B The HAS-BLED Score 863
Appendix 11 Drug, Food, and Dietary Supplement Interactions with Warfarin 864
Appendix 12 Doses of Parenteral Medications Commonly Used in the ICU and Their Modifications in Renal Failure 865
Appendix 13 Doses of Nonparenteral Drugs Commonly Used After Heart Surgery and Their Modifications in Renal Failure 868
Appendix 14 Definitions from the STS Data Specifications (Version 4.20 2020) 874
Appendix 15 Body Surface Area Nomogram 879
Appendix 16 Body Mass Index Chart 880
Appendix 17 Aortic Size Index for Thoracic Aneurysms 881
Appendix 18 Aortic Height Index for Thoracic Aneurysms 882
Appendix 19 Aortic Height and Length Index for Thoracic Aneurysms 883
Appendix 20 Technique of Thoracentesis 884
Appendix 21 Technique for Tube Thoracostomy 885
Index 887
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